What is the main function of a water softener?

The primary function of a water softener is to remove hardness minerals from the water, specifically calcium and magnesium ions. These minerals contribute to water hardness, which can lead to issues such as scaling in pipes and water heaters, reduced effectiveness of soaps and detergents, and spots on dishes and glassware. By using a process called ion exchange, water softeners replace these hardness-causing minerals with sodium ions, resulting in "softer" water that can improve the efficiency of appliances and provide better lather when using soap.

While other functions regarding water treatment exist, such as enhancing taste, addressing odor, or disinfection, these processes are not the primary purpose of a water softener. The softening process specifically targets the reduction of hardness in water, making it more suitable for household uses and reducing wear on plumbing systems.